What can be done to prevent the condition?

The best way to prevent a bunion is to wear shoes that are roomy enough so they do not squeeze the toes together. A person should avoid wearing shoes with pointed toes. Arch supports, especially prescription arch inlays or orthotics, can help keep a bunion from forming. These can also reduce pain by preventing the foot from rolling to the inside. There are various bunion pads that can be used to simply keep pressure off of the bump and minimize pain. Bunions that do not respond to these simple measures are usually treated with surgery.

A key member of the foot healthcare team is the person who fits shoes, or a pedorthist. Many independent, full-service shoe stores have pedorthists who can properly fit a person with the correct style of shoe. A pedorthist can also make changes to shoes for the best comfort. A podiatrist or orthopedic surgeon who specializes in feet is needed for more formal treatment. This may include custom-made foot orthotics or surgery.

What are the long-term effects of the condition?

Bunions that are left untreated continue to get worse and can make it very painful to walk. Also, it is difficult to exercise if the foot or feet are in pain. Persons with painful bunions should see a healthcare provider and be treated. This will allow them to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

What are the risks to others?

Persons who have poor blood circulation or a loss of sensation in the feet can be at risk for other problems if they have bunions. Loss of circulation can lead to problems in healing simple skin damage, such as a blister. This can lead to infection. Loss of sensation, which occurs in many conditions, but most commonly in diabetes, can lead to a person being unaware of significant damage to his or her feet. This also may allow for an infection to develop. If the infection gets into the bone, part or all of the foot or even the leg may have to be amputated.