What are the treatments for the condition?

After a cognitive impairment has occurred, there may be ways to improve the problem. If the cause is known, it can sometimes be eliminated. In this case, the symptoms may improve without further treatment.

A doctor who specializes in cognitive problems is called a physiatrist. Other professionals may also be involved in treatment. These include psychologists, rehabilitation nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech therapists.

Therapy may help improve thinking skills, such as memory, concentration, and problem-solving. Aids such as alarms or earplugs can also be used. If the person has trouble controlling emotions, psychotherapy may help. Controlling the person's surroundings can also help prevent outbursts. Behavior problems may also be helped with cognitive behavioral therapy. Teaching a person how to behave in different situations is useful, as well. If behavior problems are severe, the person may require supervision.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

There are no side effects to these rehabilitation therapies.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

An individual with mild or well-controlled impairments may be able to live alone. He or she may be able to drive, work, and make independent decisions. A part-time helper may be needed for tasks such as money management.

A person who needs regular help usually lives with family members or in residential care. Another option for some people is a group home. This provides the person with help in a shared setting. The individual is still able to retain much of his or her independence. In severe cases, living in a supervised, structured setting, such as a nursing home, may be needed.

A person with cognitive impairment should be treated as normally as possible. If the person requires some help or supervision, it is important for others to know exactly what kind of help is needed. In many cases, the affected person can ask for help. If this is not possible, the healthcare providers should share instructions with family members and caregivers on how to help or supervise.

How is the condition monitored?

An individual with a continuing cognitive impairment will have regular visits with the healthcare provider. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the provider.