What are the treatments for the condition?

Narrowing caused by abnormal structures or injury may be relieved by dilation. In this procedure, instruments of increasing size are inserted through the narrowed area. This gradually opens the esophagus. The procedure may have to be repeated to relieve the symptoms. Dilation may also have to be repeated if the narrowing returns. Sometimes a stent, or firm tube, is placed across the narrow area to keep it open.

When dilation does not fix the problem, surgery may be necessary. Sometimes just the narrowed portion can be removed. Other times, the esophagus is replaced with a piece of the stomach or large intestines.

A person with esophageal cancer sometimes get better with radiation therapy or chemotherapy.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Dilation of the esophagus may not work or may have to be repeated. Any surgery can cause bleeding, pain, or infection.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

Sometimes the narrowing returns. In that case, dilation may have to be repeated. If dilation does not work, surgery may be needed.

How is the condition monitored?

Dilation is repeated if symptoms worsen. If symptoms cannot be controlled by dilation, surgery may be needed.