What are the treatments for the condition?

The goal of treatment is to reduce the size of the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormone replacement pills are the treatment of choice. These medicines will supply some of the body's requirement for thyroid hormone in a person who has hypothyroidism and will allow the gland to rest.

If goiter is due to inadequate intake of iodine, taking small doses of iodide will relieve the condition. In some cases of goiter, a person may need to avoid certain foods and medicines. Rarely, surgery is necessary when the goiter does not respond to other treatment.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Too much thyroid hormone can cause toxic levels to build up in the body. This can lead to symptoms such as fast heartbeat, diarrhea, and insomnia. If the goiter was brought on by a particular medicine, the condition being treated could worsen or return if the medicine is discontinued. Surgery carries the risks of bleeding, infection, and allergic reaction to anesthesia.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

The thyroid gland should decrease in size after treatment. This will improve symptoms.

How is the condition monitored?

A person with goiter should be seen regularly by the healthcare provider to monitor the status of the thyroid gland. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the provider.