What are the treatments for the infection?

Treatment usually begins with antibiotics given through the veins. This treatment may be needed for several weeks. If the infant has meningitis, the doctor may repeat a spinal tap after antibiotics have been started. This is to make sure the fluid around the brain has been cleared of bacteria. If GBS bacteria are still in the fluid, other antibiotics may be added. Other tests and treatments may be needed to check for or treat complications.

Infants with this infection are usually seriously ill. These infants often need care in the intensive care unit.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

All medications have possible side effects. Some of the antibiotics used can cause damage to certain organs. In infants, the inner ear and the kidneys are fairly sensitive. Infants getting antibiotics can develop diarrhea or even new infections caused by the antibiotics.

The risk of death or serious, long-term problems from this infection is usually much greater than the risk of treatment.

What happens after treatment for the infection?

This infection does not usually return after treatment, though it is possible.

How is the infection monitored?

In the first several weeks after treatment, the infant should be watched closely for signs of illness. This may mean a return of the infection. The infant should also be followed closely to watch for any sign of hearing, vision, or development problems. Other problems involving the brain, such as paralysis, must also be watched for. If these problems occur, they will often need complicated, long-term treatment.