What are the treatments for the condition?

A person with no symptoms or heart problems may be advised to take antibiotics before surgery or dental work. In general, treatment depends on the severity of the condition and which problems have occurred. Heart medications may be used to slow the heart or treat irregular heartbeats. Medications used to prevent blood clots may be used in a person with arrhythmias. A person who continues to have symptoms despite medical therapy may have heart valve surgery to fix the valve or replace it with an artificial one.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

A person treated with medication may have side effects related to the medications used. All surgery carries a risk of bleeding, infection, and reactions to the anesthesia medication. Valve repair may need to be repeated or in time may require valve replacement. A person with an artificial valve may require medication to prevent blood clots, for life in some cases. An artificial valve is subject to wear and tear and may need replacement after years of use.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

In many cases, treatment does not end. The person usually returns to normal activity after recovery from surgery. Medications to prevent blood clots and treat abnormal heartbeats may be needed.

How is the condition monitored?

Regular visits to the healthcare provider are often advised. Repeat testing, such as an ultrasound of the heart known as an echocardiogram, may be done to make sure the valve is stable. Medications for abnormal heartbeats and blood clots need to be monitored as well.