What are the treatments for the condition?

Treatment is directed at the cause of the pica, if known. For example, those with iron or zinc deficiency are given mineral supplements to correct the problem. Pregnant women and children are often given counseling. Children are observed to see if they "grow out of it."

In those who continue to eat non-food items, behavior therapy can be tried. This often involves punishing the bad behavior with a mild shock, a loud noise, or a medication that causes vomiting. Another type of behavioral therapy is rewarding good behavior. For example, a child may be given candy each night he or she has avoided eating non-food items. Increased attention from parents can also help some children. Counseling is often useful.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

There are few side effects to these treatments for pica. Iron supplements can cause constipation. Counseling may bring up issues that upset the person. This can sometimes worsen the behavior for a short period of time.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

As mentioned, most children and pregnant women "grow out of" this condition and need no further treatment. Those with zinc or iron deficiency often get better when these problems are fixed. In individuals with mentally retardation or psychological problems, treatment is often less effective. These individuals may need close monitoring to make sure they do not eat harmful materials. Those who do eat harmful items may need monitoring and treatment for the effects these items have on the body.

How is the condition monitored?

Parents or other caregivers can help monitor the affected person at home. Behavior therapies usually require the caregiver to give punishments or rewards when certain behaviors occur. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the healthcare provider.