What do the test results mean?

Normally, a man with a large prostate gland will have a higher PSA density value than men with a smaller prostate gland, assuming neither has cancer of the prostate. The standard PSA value is often proportional to the size of the prostate gland. Men with standard PSA values that are out of proportion with the size of their prostate gland might have prostate cancer. On the other hand, a man with a very large prostate and a slightly increased standard PSA value might not have prostate cancer. A PSA density value or score of greater than roughly 0.15 suggests prostate cancer may be present. Men with PSA density scores above this number should consider additional tests. These include a prostate gland biopsy. A biopsy is a procedure to remove a small piece of tissue. The tissue can then be sent to a lab to see if it contains cancer.