What are the treatments for the condition?

Treatment partly depends on the cause, which is treated whenever possible. Oxygen is usually given. In severe cases, a person may need to be put on a ventilator, or artificial breathing machine. If a person has a lung disease, such as asthma or emphysema, medications may be given to try and improve lung function. Obese people are advised to lose weight. Someone with sleep apnea can use a CPAP machine to wear while during sleep.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Those who are put on a ventilator may develop the rare complications of lung infection or damage. All medications have side effects, such as allergic reactions and stomach upset. Other side effects depend on the medications given.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

If the underlying cause is fixed, no further treatment may be needed. For instance, if a person recovers from a narcotic overdose, he or she can return to normal activities. With serious lung disease, lifelong treatment is often required.

How is the condition monitored?

Symptoms are monitored through physical exams. Repeat blood tests to measure oxygen and acid levels in the blood are commonly done. Other monitoring, such as blood or x-ray tests, may be needed in some cases.