What are the treatments for the disease?

A person with strep throat will be given antibiotics such as penicillin and erythromycin. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, may be used as needed for pain and fever. However, aspirin should not be used by children because of the risk for developing Reye syndrome.

A person who has rheumatic fever will be given antibiotics as well as NSAIDs. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may be used to modify the immune response. Bed rest is recommended for a person who has rheumatic fever. Some healthcare providers prescribe digoxin, a medicine that strengthens the contractions of the heart.

After the initial treatment, a slow increase in physical activity is allowed. Any complications are treated on a case-by-case basis.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

Antibiotics and pain medicines may cause stomach upset, rash, and allergic reactions. Corticosteroids can increase the person's risk of infection.

What happens after treatment for the disease?

A person who has had rheumatic fever may need lifelong treatment with antibiotics to prevent further attacks. He or she may also be advised to take preventive antibiotics before surgery or dental procedures.

How is the disease monitored?

The healthcare provider will monitor a person for the complications of rheumatic fever. The provider may order repeated echocardiograms and other tests. Any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to the provider.