How is the disease diagnosed?

Diagnosis of sexually transmitted disease begins with a history and physical exam. Further tests will be performed depending on the STD suspected.

A culture may be done to diagnose some STDs, including chlamydia and gonorrhea. Culture is a method used to grow organisms in the lab, which helps providers identify the particular infection. A specimen of tissue, such as a sample of liquid discharge, is put in a special material to help the organism grow. The organism can then be identified a few days later under a microscope. Newer tests can diagnose certain STDs, such as chlamydia, within minutes. Previously, test results were not available for a day or two.

With STDs such as trichomonas or syphilis, the organism can be seen in a sample of discharge with a microscope.

HIV, hepatitis B, and certain other STDs require a blood test to make the diagnosis.

Pubic lice can be seen as tiny bugs in the pubic hair, usually with a microscope or magnifying glass.

The appearance of lesions on the skin is enough to make a diagnosis and begin treatment for genital herpes, human papilloma virus, and syphilis.