How is the disease diagnosed?

Tricuspid regurgitation may be suspected after the history and physical exam. The healthcare provider may hear an abnormal heart sound, called a heart murmur, when listening to the heart with a stethoscope. A heart tracing, called an electrocardiogram or ECG, may reveal certain problems that suggest this condition or one of its causes. A chest x-ray may show certain abnormalities as well.

Blood tests may also be ordered. For example, a blood test called a blood culture is done if an infection of the heart valve is suspected. This test is done to try to identify any bacteria that may be causing the infection.

Echocardiography is the test usually used to confirm the diagnosis. This is an imaging test that uses ultrasound waves to view the heart. This test can show the blood flowing backward through the valve.

A special procedure called a cardiac catheterization may also be done. This procedure involves inserting a tube though the skin and into a blood vessel, usually in the groin. The tube can then be advanced through the blood vessel into the heart. A contrast agent can be squirted through the tube and pictures taken of the contrast agent while it is inside the heart and main blood vessels. This can help better define the defects in the heart. This test is most useful after a heart attack or when complex birth defects of the heart are suspected.