What are the treatments for the condition?

Medicine to prevent nausea and vomiting, such as proclorperazine and metoclopramide, may be used. Fluids can be given through an IV in the vein if a person is dehydrated and can't keep anything in his or her stomach. If the cause is a viral infection or food poisoning, this may be all the treatment that is given.

Other treatments are directed at the cause. For instance, drugs such as ranitidine or omeprazole are often given for gastroesophageal reflux or peptic ulcers. Cancer may require surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. People with kidney failure may need to go on dialysis or get a kidney transplant.

What are the side effects of the treatments?

All medications have possible side effects, including allergic reactions, stomach upset, or headache. Specific side effects depend on the medications used. Surgery carries a risk of infection, bleeding, or death. Dialysis requires surgery first, and may result in infection or serious salt imbalances.

What happens after treatment for the condition?

This depends on the cause. For instance, morning sickness from pregnancy often goes away within a few months. No further treatment may be needed in this case. People with chronic renal failure or cancer, however, may need monitoring and treatment for the rest of their lives.

How is the condition monitored?

The most important thing to watch for with vomiting is dehydration, especially in children. Other monitoring depends on the cause of the vomiting. For instance, people with bulimia may need regular counseling and therapy.